Abstract:Objective This study aimed to investigate the diameter and wall thickness of infrarenal vena cava after inferior vena cava filter retrieval on the basis of computed tomography venography (CTV) images and explore the related risk factors.Methods CTV images of the infrarenal vena cava of 70 patients, including 34 males and 36 females aged 17-79 (48.11±13.86) years who were admitted at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2015 to February 2018 and treated with anticoagulation after inferior vena cava filter retrieval, were retrospectively analyzed as the filter group. The CTV images of 40 patients, including 23 males and 17 females, aged 18-70 (56.1±10.36) years, with nonthrombotic diseases were randomly selected from the database as the control group. The diameters of the narrowest plane and that of the 1 cm plane below the renal vena cava orifice of the two groups were measured and compared. The thickness of the infrarenal vena cava wall was observed from the CTV images.Results No significant difference was observed in terms of gender and age between the two groups (P>0.05). The reference diameters of inferior vena cava in the filter group and the control group were (16.0±2.6) and (20.2±2.4) mm, respectively, and the minimum diameters were (13.0±3.6) and (19.3±2.3), respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=8.267 and 10.032, respectively; all P values<0.01). The CTV images of 25 patients (35.7%) showed localized or annular wall thickening after inferior vena cava filter retrieval, and the minimum diameter of inferior vena cava was (10.3±3.6) mm; 45 patients (64.3%) did not exhibit inferior vena cava wall thickening, and the minimum diameter of inferior vena cava was (14.5±2.5) mm.There was difference statistically significant between the two groups (t=5.330, P<0.01). Significant differences were found in terms of inferior vena cava thrombosis and vascular diameter between the patients with and without vascular wall thickening (χ2=6.459, t=3.794, all P values<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that inferior vena cava thrombosis and inferior vena cava diameter were the independent risk factors for vascular wall thickening (OR=5.410 and 1.500, respectively; all P values<0.01).Conclusions CTV images can show annular or localized thickening and stenosis of inferior vena cava after filter retrieval. Thrombosis and small inferior vena cava diameter can considerably increase the risk of inferior vena cava wall thickening.
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