Abstract：Objective This study aims to investigate the effect of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (ACS) on cognitive function and analyze the correlation between P300 latency and cognitive impairment. Methods In this prospective study, 120 patients with ACS admitted to the Department of Neurology of Bengbu Third People's Hospital from October 2018 to January 2020 were included in the stenosis group, and 50 patients that had normal physical examination results in the same period and matched their age were selected as the control group. The age, sex, education level, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, and number of patients with hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease were compared between the two groups. The subjects' P300 latency was measured, and their cognitive function was evaluated with the Montreal cognitive assessment scale(MoCA). MoCA scores, P300 latency, and the number of cognitive impairments were compared between the two groups to evaluate the correlation between P300 latency and MoCA scores. The stenosis group was further divided into mild stenosis group (reduced＜30%, 45 cases), moderate stenosis group (reduced 30%-69%, 40 cases), and severe stenosis group (reduced 70%-99%, 35 cases) according to the narrowing degree of the diameter of the carotid artery, and the incidence of cognitive impairment was compared among the three groups. Results The clinical baseline data did not significantly differ between the two groups (all P values＞0.05). The MoCA scores of the stenosis and control groups were (25.78±2.66) points, and (27.64±1.35) points, respectively. The incubation periods of P300 in the stenosis and control groups were (338.88±53.49) ms and (293.22±11.40) ms, respectively. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t=-5.069, 8.878; all P values＜0.01). The patients who met the diagnostic criteria of cognitive impairment accounted for 2% (1/50) in the control group and 25% (30/120) in the stenosis group, and these values significantly differed between the two groups (χ2=12.552, P＜0.01). With the aggravation of the degree of internal carotid artery stenosis, the MoCA scores decreased, the P300 latency increased, and the number of cognitive impairments increased. The mild, moderate, and severe stenosis groups differed significantly (all P values＜0.05). Correlation analysis showed that P300 latency was negatively correlated with MoCA scores (r=-0.862, P＜0.01). Conclusions Patients with ACS often have cognitive impairment, and the degree of stenosis is related to the decline of their cognitive impairment. P300 latency is associated with cognitive impairment, but its role in the assessment of cognitive impairment should be further studied.
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Li Min, Zhang Gan, Miao Qing. Application of P300 latency in evaluating the relationship between asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and cognitive impairment. Chinese Journal of Anatomy and Clinics, 2021, 26(2): 204-208.
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2021, Vol. 26 
