Optical coherence tomography angiography for quantitative analysis of retinal structure thickness and vessel density alterations in patients with chiasmal compression due to sellar region mass
Yu Wenjuan, Gao Jian, Liao Rongfeng
Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
Abstract：Objective To analyze changes in retinal structure thickness and vessel density in macular and peripapillary areas in patients with chiasmal compression due to sellar region mass using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), as well as their clinical implications. Methods This is a retrospective case-control study, 42 patients with chiasmal compression due to sellar region mass were enrolled at the Department of Ophthalmology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from December 2020 to April 2022 as the observation group. Among the patients, 21 were male, and 21 were female. Their ages were in the range of 21-75 (49.7±11.4) years. In the observation group, 24 eyes from 24 patients who had visual field defects were included in the visual field defect group (the eye with the greater visual field defect was selected), and 18 right eyes from 18 patients who did not have visual field defects were included in the normal visual field group. In addition, 42 healthy subjects whose gender and age matched those of the patients in the observation group were selected from the machine database of the Department of Ophthalmology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and the right eyes were included in the analysis. Visual acuity, visual field, and OCTA were examined. The thicknesses of the macular retinal ganglion cell complex (mGCC) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and the vessel densities of the superficial retinal capillary plexus (SRCP) and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) were assessed using OCTA. Retinal structure thickness and retinal vessel density were compared among patients with visual field defects, patients with normal visual fields, and healthy controls using covariance analysis and multiple comparisons. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship among retinal vessel density, retinal structural thickness, and visual function in patients with sellar region mass. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the factors influencing retinal vessel density in patients with sellar region mass. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic efficacies of retinal structure thickness and vessel density for chiasmal compression due to sellar region mass. Results Compared with healthy controls, the patients with chiasmal compression due to sellar region mass who had visual field defects showed significantly reduced mGCC thickness, pRNFL thickness, RPC vessel density, and SRCP vessel density (all P values <0.05). In the observation group, a positive correlation between vessel density and retinal structure thickness was observed (all P values <0.05), and a negative correlation between vessel density and the degree of visual field defects was found (all P values <0.05). The effect of different retinal structure thickness on retinal vessel density was statistically different in the observation group (all P values <0.05). The areas under the ROC curves of pRNFL thickness, mGCC thickness, RPC vessel density, and SRCP vessel density for the diagnosis of chiasmal compression due to sellar region mass were 0.767, 0.756, 0.707, and 0.702, respectively. Conclusions Retinal structure thickness and retinal vessel density in macular and peripapillary areas are significantly reduced in patients with chiasmal compression due to sellar region mass and negatively correlated with the degree of visual field defects. OCTA allows the quantitative assessment of retinal vessel density and structural thickness and can be valuable in the diagnosis and assessment of disease progression in optic chiasmal compression lesions.
余文娟, 高健, 廖荣丰. 鞍区占位视交叉压迫患者黄斑区与视盘周围视网膜结构厚度、血管密度的OCTA定量分析[J]. 中华解剖与临床杂志, 2022, 27(11): 745-752.
Yu Wenjuan, Gao Jian, Liao Rongfeng. Optical coherence tomography angiography for quantitative analysis of retinal structure thickness and vessel density alterations in patients with chiasmal compression due to sellar region mass. Chinese Journal of Anatomy and Clinics, 2022, 27(11): 745-752.
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2022, Vol. 27 
