Anatomical study on the distribution of the internal arteries of the pig femoral head based on arterial cast specimens
Zhou Guangliang1, Zhang Xiangnan2, Deng Wei1, Wang Hongyu1, Geng Kailong1, Wang Dingsong1, Zhang Songqiang1, Li Lei1, Ju Wen1, Zhou Zhenghu1, Ju Faxin3, Ju Jihui1, Hou Ruixing4
1Department of Orthopedics, Ruihua Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215104, China; 2School of Clinical Medicine, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou 215106, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Baoying Country People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225800, China; 4School of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Abstract：Objective This study aimed to discuss the distribution of the internal nourishing arteries of pig femoral head and its significance. Methods Twenty fresh pig femoral head specimens with blood vessels around the hip were prepared as cast specimens of the internal femoral head artery. The source, quantity, running characteristics, and distribution of the internal femoral head arteries were observed with the naked eye and under a microscope. The outer diameter of the starting point of the thickest main epiphyseal artery in the internal femoral head artery was measured under a microscope. Results The internal arteries of the pig femoral head were divided into the epiphyseal artery area, the epiphyseal artery network area, and the supraphyseal artery area according to branch, running and release. The epiphyseal artery area was mainly composed of epiphyseal arteries, inferior epiphyseal arteries, and anterior epiphyseal arteries. The epiphyseal arteries originated from the retinacular belt arteries. The total number of epiphyseal arteries was 5-13 (8.7±2.2), of which the epiphyseal artery, inferior epiphyseal artery, and anterior epiphyseal artery were (3.2±1.4), (3.2±1.3), and (2.3±0.8), respectively. The diameter of the starting point of the thickest support was (0.43±0.16), (0.50±0.08), and (0.34±0.12) mm, respectively. The three groups of epiphyseal arteries traveled under the cortex, crossed the epiphyseal plate, and directly anastomosed and communicated to form an epiphyseal artery network area. The three groups of epiphyseal arteries and the radiating branches of the epiphyseal artery network formed the supraphyseal artery area, which was distributed under the cartilage of the femoral head, densed near the center, and sparsed near the periphery. Conclusion Porcine femoral head internal arteries can be divided into three zones according to their branch running and release. The running characteristics and diameter of the epiphyseal arteries provide an anatomical basis for the microanastomosis, and the epiphyseal arterial network may provide an anatomical basis for the theory of the overall blood supply of the femoral head.
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Zhou Guangliang, Zhang Xiangnan, Deng Wei, Wang Hongyu, Geng Kailong, Wang Dingsong, Zhang Songqiang, Li Lei, Ju Wen, Zhou Zhenghu, Ju Faxin, Ju Jihui, Hou Ruixing. Anatomical study on the distribution of the internal arteries of the pig femoral head based on arterial cast specimens. Chinese Journal of Anatomy and Clinics, 2022, 27(8): 581-585.
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2022, Vol. 27 
