人体下颈椎显微骨硬度体外测量的实验研究

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-7041.2019.05.001

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (910 KB) HTML (2 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要目的探讨人体下颈椎C₃~C₇椎骨显微骨硬度的分布特征及其临床意义。方法 3具新鲜成人尸体标本,分别为62岁男性(标本A)、45岁女性(标本B)、58岁男性(标本C),由河北医科大学解剖学教研室提供。取其下颈椎C₃~C₇段脊柱,剔除附着软组织。每个椎骨分为椎体区和附件区两部分,使用高精慢速锯分别经椎体中部垂直于椎体上下终板、右侧椎弓根长轴、左侧上下关节突长轴切割3 mm厚骨切片各1片, 并用砂纸打磨,15块椎骨共制成45片骨切片。应用维氏显微硬度测量仪测量骨组织切片不同区域皮质骨和松质骨的显微硬度值,每一个区域选取5个有效显微骨硬度值,全体有效值的平均值作为该区域的硬度值。结果 15块椎骨共计获得825个有效显微骨硬度测量值。 C₃~C₇总体骨硬度值为11.10～47.80 HV,其中皮质骨为(26.04±4.84) HV、松质骨为(22.92±4.78) HV。椎体区皮质骨硬度值为(25.46±4.86) HV、松质骨硬度值为(21.10±4.97) HV,附件区皮质骨硬度值为(26.50±4.78) HV、松质骨硬度值为(24.75±3.80) HV,附件区高于椎体区,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.800、4.978, P值均＜0.05)。3具尸体标本各自的下颈椎在不同部位的骨显微硬度值不同,但椎体区的皮质骨与松质骨骨硬度值均低于附件标本的皮质骨与松质骨骨硬度,其中松质骨之间的差异均有统计学意义(t_A=4.316、t_B=2.364、t_C=2.107, P值均＜0.05);而皮质骨中,仅标本B的差异有统计学意义(t=2.498,P＜0.05)。C₃~C₇各椎骨不同部位的硬度值分布规律与总体一致:椎体区的骨硬度值均低于附件区;其中C₃、C₅、C₆、C₇松质骨的骨硬度值差异具有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05)。附件分区中,上关节突皮质骨骨硬度低于椎弓根、椎板、横突、下关节突皮质骨骨硬度,差异具有统计学意义(F=8.590, P＜0.05);椎体分区中,下终板皮质骨骨硬度高于上终板和外周终板皮质骨骨硬度,差异具有统计学意义(F=16.365, P＜0.05)。结论下颈椎椎骨不同部位、不同区域的骨显微硬度存在差异,附件区的皮质骨/松质骨骨硬度分别高于椎体区的皮质骨/松质骨骨硬度。该分布规律是人体活动过程中适应应力应变的生理改变,可以为三维有限元分析、3D打印及术前模拟提供数据支持。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	张晓娟
	李升
	王建朝
	殷兵
	刘雅克
	付蕾
	张英泽

关键词 ：颈椎, 下颈椎, 维氏硬度, 显微硬度, 生物力学, 硬度试验

Abstract：Objective To measure and analyze the distribution and significance of the microhardness of the lower cervical vertebrae.Methods The three fresh adult cadaver C₃-C₇ vertebrae specimens were selected and the soft tissue was removed . Each vertebra was divided into a vertebral body area and an attachment area, and then was cut into three 3 mm-thickness slices (1 in the vertebral body area and 2 in the attachment area) by a high-precision slow saw. A total of 45 bone slices were cut from 15 vertebrae. The Vickers method was used to measure the microhardness values of cortical bone and cancellous bone in different areas of bone sections. Five effective microhardness values were selected for each region, and the average value of all effective values was used to be the hardness value of the region.Results A total of 825 effective hardness values were performed on 15 vertebrae. The hardness range of C₃-C₇ was (11.10-47.80)HV. The hardness of cortical bone and cancellous bone were (26.04±4.84)HV and(22.92±4.78)HV, respectively. The hardness of cortical bone and cancellous bone in the vertebral body area were (25.46±4.86)HV and (21.10±4.97)HV,respectively. The hardness of cortical bone and cancellous bone in the attachment area were (26.50±4.78)HV and (24.75±3.80)HV, respectively. The bone hardness of the cortical bone/ cancellous bone in the attachment area was higher than that of the cortical bone/ cancellous bone in the vertebral body area,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.800, 4.978, P＜0.05). The microhardness values of the lower cervical vertebrae of three cadavers in different regions were different, but the hardness values of the cortical bone and cancellous bone in the vertebral body area were significantly lower than those in the attachment area. The differences of the hardness in cancellous bone were statistically significant(t_A=4.316, t_B=2.364, t_C=2.107, P＜0.05),while in the cortical bone,only Donor B was statistically significant(t=2.498, P＜0.05). The distribution of the hardness values in different regions of each vertebrae was consistent with the whole:the hardness value of the vertebral body area was lower than those of the attachment area.The differences of the cancellous bone in C₃, C₅, C₆ and C₇ were statistically significant(t=3.220, P＜0.05). In the accessory area,the hardness of the superior articular process was significantly lower than those of other regions (F=8.590, P＜0.05); in the vertebral body area,the hardness of the lower endplate was significantly higher than those of other regions (F=16.365, P＜0.05).Conclusions This study reveals that the microhardness of bone in different regions of the lower cervical vertebrae are different.The bone hardness of the cortical bone/cancellous in the attachment area is higher than that in the vertebral body area. This distribution law is a physiological change which adapts to the stress and strain during the human daily activities. It can provide data support for the modeling of the finite element analysis, 3D printing and preoperative simulation.

Key words： Cervical vertebra Lower cervical vertebra Vickers hardness Microhardness Biomechanics Hardness tests

收稿日期: 2019-06-21

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(81572125、81501934)

通讯作者: 张英泽,Email:yzzhang@hebmu.edu.cn

引用本文:

张晓娟, 李升, 王建朝, 殷兵, 刘雅克, 付蕾, 张英泽. 人体下颈椎显微骨硬度体外测量的实验研究[J]. 中华解剖与临床杂志, 2019, 24(5): 425-429.
Zhang Xiaojuan, Li Sheng, Wang Jianzhao, Yin Bing, Liu Yake, Fu Lei, Zhang Yingze. Measurement of micro-hardness of the human lower cervical vertebrae in vitro. Chinese Journal of Anatomy and Clinics, 2019, 24(5): 425-429.

链接本文:

http://www.cjac.com.cn/CN/10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-7041.2019.05.001 或 http://www.cjac.com.cn/CN/Y2019/V24/I5/425

[1]	付裕, 阮狄克. 颈椎生物力学中的三维有限元分析[J]. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2004, 14(10): 632-635. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-406X.2004.10.017.
[2]	郝申申, 刘志斌, 王飞, 等. 3D打印个性化导航模板在后路下颈椎椎弓根螺钉置入中的应用价值[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2018, 22(11): 1701-1706. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0166.
[3]	Seeman E1, Delmas PD. Bone quality—the material and structural basis of bone strength and fragility[J]. N Engl J Med, 2006, 354(21): 2250-61. DOI:10.1056/NEJMra053077.
[4]	Oliver WC, Pharr GM. Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation : advances in understanding and refinements to methodology[J]. J Mater Res, 2004, 19(1): 3-20. DOI:10.1557/jmr.2004.19.1.3.
[5]	殷兵, 胡祖圣, 李升, 等. 人体骨骼显微硬度研究[J].河北医科大学学报,2016,37(12):1472-1474. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-3205.2016.12.028.
[6]	Ohman C, Zwierzak I, Baleani M, et al. Human bone hardness seems to depend on tissue type but not on anatomical site in the long bones of an old subject[J]. Proc Inst Mech Eng H, 2013,227(2):200-206. DOI: 10.1177/0954411912459424.
[7]	Wang B, Chen R, Chen F, et al. Effects of moisture content and loading profile on changing properties of bone micro-biomechanical characteristics[J]. Med Sci Monit, 2018,24:2252-2258. DOI: 10.12659/msm.906910.
[8]	Walden SJ, Evans SL, Mulville J. Changes in Vickers hardness during the decomposition of bone: possibilities for forensic anthropology[J]. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2017,65:672-678. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.09.037.
[9]	吴卫卫, 殷兵, 李升, 等. 尺骨显微骨硬度分布规律的体外测量研究[J].中华骨科杂志,2019,39(2):98-104. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2352.2019.02.005.
[10]	吴卫卫, 殷兵, 李升, 等. 桡骨显微骨硬度分布特征的实验研究[J].中华肩肘外科电子杂志,2018,6(4):287-291. DOI: 10.3877/j.issn.2095-5790.2018.04.010.
[11]	殷兵, 王建朝, 李升, 等. 人体跖骨显微硬度的分布特征研究[J].中华解剖与临床杂志,2018,23(6):465-468. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-7041.2018.06.002.
[12]	李升, 王建朝, 殷兵, 等. 肱骨近端显微骨硬度分布特征的实验研究[J].中华骨与关节外科杂志,2018,11(11):801-804. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9958.2018.11-01.
[13]	Panjabi MM, Crisco JJ, Vasavada A, et al. Mechanical properties of the human cervical spine as shown by three-dimensional load-displacement curves[J]. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2001,26(24):2692-2700. DOI: 10.1097/00007632-200112150-00012.
[14]	Nagaraja S, Couse TL, Guldberg RE. Trabecular bone microdamage and microstructural stresses under uniaxial compression[J]. J Biomech, 2005,38(4):707-716. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.05.013.
[15]	Diez-Perez A, Güerri R, Nogues X, et al. Microindentation for in vivo measurement of bone tissue mechanical properties in humans[J]. J Bone Miner Res, 2010,25(8):1877-1885. DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.73.
[16]	Güerri-Fernández RC, Nogués X, Quesada Gómez JM, et al. Microindentation for in vivo measurement of bone tissue material properties in atypical femoral fracture patients and controls[J]. J Bone Miner Res, 2013,28(1):162-168. DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.1731.